There are two types of IPOs. These are listed below : Fixed Price Issue – In this case, the issue price is pre ascertained by the issuer.
Book Building – In this case, an indicative price range is declared by the company for a public offer of its equity shares. Interested investors place bids within this price range for the quantum of securities they want to subscribe to. Prospective investors can revise their bids at anytime during the bid period, that is, the quantity of shares or the bid price or any of the bid options. Usually, the bid must be for a minimum of 500 equity shares and in multiples of 100 equity shares thereafter. By recording the bids (quantum of shares ordered and the respective prices offered) received in a “book”, the issuer makes an assessment of the demand for the securities proposed to be issued. After the bid closing date, the book runner and the company fix the issue price and decide the allocation to each syndicate member. Thus, book building method helps in optimum price discovery for the security.